Fluid intake schedule as a possible risk-stratification factor for urinary incontinence in women during menopause

Introduction
One of the most common urogynecological diseases in women in menopause is urinary incontinence, which reduces the quality of life of patients, causing psycho-emotional discomfort, social maladjustment and hygienic inconvenience.

Material and methods
265 working women aged 47–65 years were examined and were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 145 women who suffered from urinary incontinence, the Group II (control group)consisted of 120 women who did not complain of urinary disorders or could note rare episodes of stress urinary incontinence. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations according to the requirements of modern clinical protocols.

Results
The most probable trigger factors for urinary incontinence in the patients of Group I were carbohydrate metabolism disorders (84.14%), a history of complicated vaginal births (71.72%), a sedentary lifestyle (38.62%) and excess body weight (37.93%). In the overwhelming majority of the patients of Group I (88.28%) suffering from urinary incontinence, their daily volume of fluid intake did not meet the World Health Organization normative recommendations. According to the questionnaire, 59.31% of the patients of Group I consciously reduced fluid intake during the working day.

Conclusions
An unbalanced fluid intake schedule plays an important role in urinary incontinence in women and can be considered as a risk-stratification factor for this pathology.